The final year requires the submission of a thesis. My thesis title was “Museum”. It’s an honor to be able to design something that is both impressive and important for a country. Today, people are obsessed with fashion and lose interest in history or art. This society requires a place that allows everyone to learn these subjects again. Better support will encourage people to study art and history again.
In the past semester, some architectural projects including bus-stop design as well as guest house and nursery school designs, as well apartment designs, were completed. For the following purposes, the title “Military Museum”, was chosen: * People need to pay more attention history and culture. These museums must be better designed and contain more data. * To improve the knowledge of the nation’s military history. To preserve the country’s military past and to share it with future generations. The history of Myanmar Navy should be archaized.
Museums offer valuable knowledge. It is an institution open to the public that preserves and exhibits cultural or historical heritage. Museums inspire us to look back and learn. It preserves historical, cultural and material evidence. It is the benchmark of the country’s architecture and museum.
(Lewis (2017) claimed that “Museum” is a Greek term that means “seat or the Muses” that was originally used to denote a philosophical organization. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the term “Museum,” was used to describe a building that housed cultural material. As museums responded to their creators, the emphasis on the building became less important and eco museums, which combine outdoor environments with museums, were created. Virtual museums are also available online in an electronic format. Although virtual museums offer some advantages over the traditional museums, they still need to use the same processes as real museums for the preservation, clarification and collection of materials. Museums are a long-standing tradition that dates back to Ancient Greece. Many of the first museums were privately owned and established by wealthy people. Later, they were made available to the public.
There are many types museums throughout the world. The following are the (18) types museums that can be classified:
Fish Tanks* Human Studies Galleries*
Art Museums*
Botanic Garden*
Children’s Museums*
Historic Homes*
Exhibition halls devoted to past eras
*Museums of State and Local History
Armies’ exhibits of historic artifacts and memorabilia
*Nature Centres
Natural History museums showcase the planet’s past.
Museums of Science and Technology
Sculpture Gardens*
Transportation Museums*
Visitor Centres* Zoos
Phayre Museum, Naing, 1980 claimed that this was the country’s first museum. It was named in honor Sir Aurthur Phayre. He was the commander for Bago Division. The Phayre Museum is located in the Yangon Agri-Horticultural Society’s Gardens, Yangon General Hospital. It was built 1871. Bagan Archaeological Museum (Department of Archaeology and National Museum) Bagan Archaeological Museum was established in Bagan in 1903. It was the British’s first museum to take over Myanmar after the war. The museum’s artifacts were destroyed in World War II, so they were left buried. The Ministry of Union Culture, established in 1952 after Myanmar regained its independence in 1948 and began to try to reopen this museum.
1945 saw the opening of the Bagan Archaeologicalmuseum. Museum collections grew, and in 1979, a new octagonal museum was required. The present Bagan Archaeological museums was inaugurated on April 17, 1998. The Oldest Museums of MyanmarHmawza Village was home to the Sri Ksetra Archaeological Museum. The Epigraphy Department was responsible for collecting and exploring antiquities in the region of Sri Ksetra. In the 1900s, a small building known as Thayet Taw Museum (located near the ancient palace site at Sri Ksetra) was built to store these items. It was destroyed in 1915 and Kyaukka thein was built in its place as the first museum in Sri Ksetra. The Monastery Museum and Kyaukka Thein Museum now share the same building. They were built in 1960.
Myauk-U Archaeological Museum in Myanmar is one of the first museums. Shwebo also has an early museum. The Indian government initially funded the museum, but it soon became impossible to maintain it permanently. It is now being replaced by Shwebonyadana Palace museum, which was opened in 1999 and built in 1994. Mandalay had another museum in its early days. The Mandalay Palace Museum was the name of this museum, which was founded in Mandalay Palace City in 1905. This collection, which included objects related the Palace, was destroyed in a fire during World War II bombing. National Museum. After regaining independence, in June 1952 the National Museum opened at Shwedagon Pagoda’s Jubilee Hall Building.
As the collection grew, the Royal Lion Throne moved from the President’s Residence into the National Museum in 1957. It was then exhibited at the National Museum. It was moved to Pansodan Street in 1968. This building was an old private bank. Twenty-five Jahre later, the National Museum moved its headquarters to Pyay Road. This is in Yangon’s Dagon Township. (Naing, 1980)
Giebelhausen, 2006 suggests that war material collections rose in popularity during colonial periods as the military power increased. The colonial period saw the rule of the noblemen and royalty over armies. The King and his armies are able to display their power and wealth after victories. In the early days, war materials were only used as symbols of military power. Losses and defeats were ignored.
In the latter part of the 19th century, democracy and nationalism encouraged museums in the west to become more formal. The formalization of museums meant that armories went beyond being simply warehouses and became more suitable for displaying the objects. These changes helped people to understand wars and the implications for society. The need to have a common identity and a place to honor the sacrifices of our heroes. This would eventually lead us to military museums. (Szacka 2013; Malvern 2000). Countries started to create larger museums dedicated to military history, instead of local collections.
The Imperial War Museum in England was established to honor the living and those who died during World War I. It is the first museum that commemorates a whole war. England was one of those countries trying to recover from World War I’s losses and sought out a physical and memorial record. (Hacker, 2013, p. 3) The United States felt the same need to recognize its own history. Europe was home to the majority of World War I memorials. The number of military museums increased dramatically in Europe after World War II. They were places where you could celebrate victory or remember those who died. At the end the 20th century, they became places to celebrate victory and remember the sacrifices of their ancestors. They are still a popular tourist attraction.
Humidity (Littlefield et al. 2008) state that full air conditioning is required to manage extremes in temperature and humidity. For extreme climates and proper moisture, air conditioning must be installed. It shouldn’t be an electrostatic system if it is essential. This can result in dangerous ozone levels.
David Littlefield stated that museum lighting was a complicated topic. It is crucial to find the right balance between artificial and natural lighting. All collection items should be protected from direct sunlight. Direct sunlight can cause chemical changes in fragile materials. Therefore, it is important to eliminate UV radiation from any collection item. Below is a table that shows the maximum recommended light dose for each category of collection item. These amounts can be achieved by limiting the amount of light that is used to illuminate collection items during visit hours. As the eyes only have a limited capacity to adapt to changes, it is important to avoid sudden changes in lighting or extreme contrasts in brightness.
Littlefield says that sound should not be transported through structures. Surface or sub-surface materials should be installed in functional zones to dampen impacts and prevent structural sound transmission. The appropriate choice of materials for floors, walls, and ceilings should control noise levels. It is also important to shape interior spaces to avoid unwanted amplifying effects and flutter. A structural mass reduces the penetration of low frequency sound. The diffusion and absorbing of surfaces can help to absorb middle frequencies, while the shaping of interior spaces can prevent flutter and unwanted amplifying effects.
The Defense Services Museum in Yangon was first opened on March 24, 1994. It is then moved to Naypyidaw, Myanmar, on November 18, 2010. It was located at the intersection of Panthra and Shwedagon pagoda roads. It consisted of six booths and was three-storey. It covered approximately 100000 square feet. On 18 March 2012, the Defense Services Museum in Naypyidaw was officially reopened. In February 2010, the Chiefs of Government gave instructions for the selection of site location, the design of buildings, and the decision of site plans. It covers 603.68 acres.
There are six Army booths and three Navy booths. Three booths each for Air Force and Army. This museum shows the Armed Forces’ history from its inception in 1945 through today. Each field has its own theatre to show its history through short movies.
The area for Army open-air exhibition is 10.58 acres. The area for Air Force’s open-air exhibition is 9.87 acres. The area for Navy’s open-air exhibition is 9.87 acres. Between the main gates are three massive statues that represent the Army, Air Force, Navy. A water fountain, covering 20.25 acres, is located in front booth A-1. It is intended for recreation. You will also find (4) pools and (2) stone gardens. There are also four car parking areas for (300) vehicles. Over 400 000 trees and plants can be grown on the 316.41 acres. To allow wheel chairs to travel between booths, corridors have been constructed. For elderly, disabled visitors, or visitors who use wheelchairs, there are three elevators at booth A-6 through A-11. All buildings are equipped with (502) air conditioning to ensure preservation of museum materials and comfort for visitors.
The Canadian War Museum was established by the Ontario Cast-In-Place Concrete Development Council (2018, Ontario Cast-In-Place Concrete Development Council), 8 May 2005. It is located at Ottawa. Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation is its owner. Construction costs $115 million. The museum was built in two years. The Ottawa River’s bank is where the building can be seen. The roof is mostly covered with grass. Concrete was chosen for its expressiveness as the building material of the Canadian War Museum. The building’s structure and finishing are made of concrete. The building is made up of tilting planes, which intersect at various angles. Some are very visible while others are less obvious. Concrete walls are formed from sloped floors at angles of 3 to 31 degrees. The tension and revolution created by war is evident in the colliding and sloping concrete walls. For sloped walls, the formwork contractor had to design diagonal braces that would support them after the formwork had been removed. The braces would have prevented the walls from being stable. You will need tension cables and steel buttresses.
